Endeavour founder Tim Devos wrote his doctoral thesis on ways to involve citizens in planning processes that do not avoid conflict and debate.

The research emphasises the opportunities of co-production to build collective knowledge early in planning processes.

Based on action research in Antwerp, he investigated the importance of stories, alternative voices in the spatial debate and how the spatial professional can create space for inclusive urban development by assuming new roles.

The PhD consists of 6 chapters that were written as individual articles.